Pricing Strategy for Reproduction of Worn-out Ball and Gate Valves in Oil and Gas Industry: Using Game Theory on Four Closed-loop Supply Chain Scenarios

Collecting and remanufacturing worn-out products provide significant financial advantages. In this research, we examine how ball gate valves, which are important pieces of equipment in the oil gas industry, could improve profitability closed-loop supply chain. regard, four different scenarios for collecting processes considered: (1) manufacturer collects product from consumers remanufactures them, (2) retailer both remanufacture (3) third party (4) without them. To formulate interactions CLSC members under scenarios, use Nash Manufacturer-Stackelberg games. Accordingly, optimal decision variables i.e., acquisition price, wholesale retail price calculated scenarios. Then, solutions compared addition, profit chain obtained The results show that game, Scenario 2 is best scenario. However, Stackelberg 3